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===Years 1978 - 1982=== <!-- 1978 - 1982 --> <table border="0" align="center" width="100%" cellpadding="2"> <tr> <td align="center" width="91%" colspan="3"> </td> <td align="center">[http://www.phys.lsu.edu/~tohline/ref_ref.html Pubs.] <font color="red">(rank)</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right" rowspan="2" width="2%"> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" width="4%"> </td> <td align="left" width="85%"> While at Yale University (1978 - 1980) and at Los Alamos National Laboratory (1980 - 1982), Tohline worked closely with Richard Durisen (Indiana University) to examine the onset and nonlinear development of nonaxisymmetric instabilities in differentially rotating, n = 3/2 polytropes whose internal angular momentum distribution was that of an n' = 0 sequence. Generally speaking, unstable eigenfrequencies matched earlier predictions (by other groups) based on linear stability analyses; unstable eigenfunctions displayed a two-armed spiral character. As the amplitude of unstable modes grew to nonlinear amplitude, the developed spiral arms were able to effectively redistribute angular momentum, preventing fragmentation/fission of the configurations. Over this time period, numerical simulations were carried out on the IBM 360/95 at the NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies and on an early Cray at Los Alamos, where computational efficiencies were gained by taking advantage of the Cray's vector hardware capabilities. Upon receipt of an invitation from journal editors, while at Los Alamos, Tohline published a review of the field titled, "Hydrodynamic Collapse." </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2"> <b>[</b>[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985prpl.conf..534D/abstract 16]<b>]</b><br /> <p><br /></p> <p><br /></p> <b>[</b>[http://www.phys.lsu.edu/~tohline/papers/Tohline1982.HydroCollapse.pdf 9]<b>]</b> <font color="red">(9<sup>th</sup>)</font><br /> <p><br /></p> <p><br /></p> <b>[</b>[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982ApJ...252...92T/abstract 10]<b>]</b> <font color="red">(13<sup>th</sup>)</font><br /> <b>[</b>[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982ApJ...257...94T/abstract 12]<b>]</b><br /> <b>[</b>[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1983ApJ...264..392D/abstract 13]<b>]</b><br /> <b>[</b>[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1983ApJ...268..638S/abstract 14]<b>]</b><br /> <p><br /></p> <p><br /></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" bgcolor="lightgreen"> </td> <td align="left"> <font color="red">Nelson Caldwell</font> — a Yale graduate student at the time — showed Tohline some of his early work focused on the observationally determined properties of elliptical galaxies that display prominent dust lanes. Additional discussions led to a collaboration between Caldwell, Tohline, and <font color="red">Gregory Simonson</font> — also a Yale graduate student at the time — in which the observed orientation of dust lanes can be explained in terms of dissipative settling of gas disks and, as a consequence, can be used to deduce the underlying geometry (e.g., oblate or prolate spheroidal) of each galaxy's mass distribution. With guidance from Tohline, Simonson completed a Yale University doctoral dissertation in which this settling model was extended to the context of polar rings in spiral galaxies. When Tohline presented a seminar in the Department of Astronomy at Indiana University on the topic of "dust lanes in elliptical galaxies," Durisen asked what would happen to a settling gas disk if the underlying galaxy mass distribution was ''tumbling'' end over end — e.g., a cigar spinning about its shortest axis. The ensuing discussions led to a fruitful collaboration between Durisen and Tohline in which it became clear that steady-state warped disks could result. (After Tohline moved to LSU, extensions of this research work resulted in collaborative publications with several LSU graduate students — D. Christodoulou, K. New, H. Väth — and in Paul Fisher's doctoral dissertation research project.) </td> </tr> </table>
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