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===Chosen Test Mass Distribution=== For purposes of illustration, we will follow the lead of [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012MNRAS.424.2635T Trova, Huré & Hersant (2012)] — see the left-hand panel of the following figure ensemble — and seek to determine the gravitational potential, both inside and outside, of a uniform-density, equatorial-plane torus whose (pink) meridional cross-section is exactly a circle. More specifically, as illustrated in our Figure 1 — see the right-hand panel of the following figure ensemble — at all azimuthal angles, a cross-section through the (pink) torus is prescribed by the familiar algebraic expression for an off-center circle, namely, <div align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"> <tr> <td align="right"> <math>~(\varpi_t - \varpi)^2 + Z^2</math> </td> <td align="center"> <math>~=</math> </td> <td align="left"> <math>~r_t^2 \, .</math> </td> </tr> </table> </div> Everywhere inside this toroidal surface we set <math>~\rho(\varpi, Z) = \rho_0</math>, that is, the density is uniform with the value, <math>~\rho_0</math>. <div align="center" id="THH12Figure4"> <table border="1" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td align="center"> Figure 4 extracted without modification from p. 2640 of [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012MNRAS.424.2635T Trova, Huré & Hersant (2012)] <br /> <i>"The Potential of Discs from a 'Mean Green Function'"</i><br /> Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 424, pp. 2635-2645 © RAS </td> <th align="center"><font size="+1">Our Figure 1</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> [[File:Figure4THH2012.png|350px|To be inserted: Fig. 4 from Trova, Huré & Hersant (2012)]] </td> <td align="center"> [[File:DiagramToroidalCoordinates.png|350px|Diagram of Torus and Toroidal Coordinates]] </td> </tr> </table> </div> <span id="OffCenterCircle">Notice that another off-center circle — this one with a purple perimeter and otherwise white, rather than pink — appears in our Figure 1 diagram. In the discussion that follows, it will be used to represent the meridional-plane cross-section of one axisymmetric surface in an MF53 toroidal-coordinate system. Here we simply point out that this "surface" is also prescribed by an algebraic expression for an off-center circle, namely,</span> <div align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"> <tr> <td align="right"> <math>~(R_0 - \varpi)^2 + (Z_0 - Z)^2</math> </td> <td align="center"> <math>~=</math> </td> <td align="left"> <math>~r_0^2 \, .</math> </td> </tr> </table> </div>
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