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===Horedt's Presentation=== It appears as though {{ Horedt70 }} — hereafter, {{ Horedt70hereafter }} — was the first to draw an analogy between the mass limit that is associated with bounded isothermal spheres — the so-called [[SSC/Structure/BonnorEbert#Pressure-Bounded_Isothermal_Sphere|Bonnor-Ebert spheres]] — and the limiting mass that can be found in association with equilibrium sequences of embedded polytropes that have polytropic indexes <math>~n > 3</math>. Using a tilde to denote values of parameters at the (truncated) edge of a pressure-bounded polytropic sphere, {{ Horedt70hereafter }} (see the bottom of his p. 83) derives the following set of parametric equations relating the configuration's dimensionless radius, <math>~r_a</math>, to a specified dimensionless bounding pressure, <math>~p_a</math>: <div align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="3"> <tr> <td align="right"> <math> ~r_a \equiv \frac{R_\mathrm{eq}}{R_\mathrm{Horedt}} </math> </td> <td align="center"> <math>~=~</math> </td> <td align="left"> <math> \tilde\xi ( -\tilde\xi^2 \tilde\theta' )^{(1-n)/(n-3)} \, , </math> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right"> <math> ~p_a \equiv \frac{P_\mathrm{e}}{P_\mathrm{Horedt}} </math> </td> <td align="center"> <math>~=~</math> </td> <td align="left"> <math> \tilde\theta_n^{n+1}( -\tilde\xi^2 \tilde\theta' )^{2(n+1)/(n-3)} \, , </math> </td> </tr> </table> </div> where it is understood that, [[SSC/Structure/Polytropes|as discussed elsewhere]], <math>~\theta_n(\xi)</math> is the solution to the Lane-Emden equation for a polytrope of index {{Math/MP_PolytropicIndex}}, <div align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="3"> <tr> <td align="right"> <math> \tilde\theta' </math> </td> <td align="center"> <math>~\equiv~</math> </td> <td align="left"> <math> \frac{d\theta_n}{d\xi} ~~~\mathrm{evaluated}~\mathrm{at}~\tilde\xi \, , </math> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right"> <math> ~R_\mathrm{Horedt} </math> </td> <td align="center"> <math>~\equiv~</math> </td> <td align="left"> <math> \alpha_r \biggl( \frac{\alpha_M}{M} \biggr)^{(1-n)/(n-3)} = \biggl[ \frac{4\pi}{(n+1)^n}\biggl( \frac{G}{K_n} \biggr)^n M^{n-1} \biggr]^{1/(n-3)} \, , </math> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right"> <math> ~P_\mathrm{Horedt} </math> </td> <td align="center"> <math>~\equiv~</math> </td> <td align="left"> <math> K_n \biggl( \frac{\alpha_M}{M} \biggr)^{2(n+1)/(n-3)} = K_n^{4n/(n-3)}\biggl[ \frac{(n+1)^3}{4\pi G^3 M^2} \biggr]^{(n+1)/(n-3)} \, . </math> </td> </tr> </table> </div> Notice that, via these normalizations, Horedt chose to express <math>~R_\mathrm{eq}</math> and <math>~P_\mathrm{e}</math> in terms of {{Math/MP_PolytropicConstant}} and the system's total mass, <math>~M</math>.
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